Chemical Family: Monoterpenes
Monoterpenes are composed of two isoprene units of five carbon atoms each, totaling ten with at least one double bond. Because they are made up of 10 carbons with a varying number of hydrogens, they are fairly unstable and are prone to oxidation. You will find essential oils that are rich in monoterpenes as top or middle notes with a tendency to evaporate quickly.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS FOUND IN MONOTERPENES
Therapeutic Properties
ANALGESIC
ANTIBACTERIAL
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
ANTI-FUNGAL
ANTIHISTAMINTIC
ANTIRHEUMATIC
ANTIMICROBIAL
ANTISEPTIC
ANTITUMOR
HYPOTENSIVE
INSECTICIDAL
PURGATIVE
RUBIFACIENT
SKIN ENHANCER
STIMULATING
COMMON MONOTERPENES
Molecular Structures
Chemicals | ||
---|---|---|
cis-beta-ocimene | cis-alpha-ocimene | alpha-terpinene |
gamma-terpinene | limonene | beta-phellandrene |
alpha-pinene | beta-pinene | camphene |
delta-3-carene | alpha-thujene | |
sabinene | para-cymene |
ESSENTIAL OILS CONTENT OF MONOTERPENES
Monoterpenes % Content
Essential Oils | Percentage |
---|---|
Grapefruit | 93% |
Silver Fir | 92% |
Bitter Orange | 90% |
Mandarin | 90% |
Tangerine | 90% |
Balsam Fir | 83% |
Angelica Root | 80% |
Lemon | 80% |
Frankincense | 78% |
Celery Seed | 77% |
Cypress | 76% |
Parsley | 75% |
Fleabane | 73% |
Elemi | 72% |
Galbanum | 72% |
Douglas Fir | 70% |
Nutmeg | 68% |
White Fir | 65% |
Lime | 62% |
Bergamot | 55% |
Juniper Berry | 54% |
Cistus | 53% |
Tea Tree | 52% |
Pine | 51% |
Black Pepper | 50% |
Blue Tansy | 50% |
Dill | 50% |
Spruce | 50% |
Caraway Seed | 48% |
Marjoram | 44% |
Yarrow | 43% |
Goldenrod | 42% |
Tsuga | 42% |
Ledum | 40% |
Eucalyptus Dives | 39% |
Fennel | 38% |
Myrtle | 38% |
Mugroot | 37% |
Thyme | 37% |
Marigold | 36% |
Spikenard | 36% |
Valerine | 35% |
Rosemary Verbenon | 33% |
Hyssop | 30% |
Neroli | 30% |
Cumin | 29% |
Rosemary | 27% |
Roman Chamomile | 26% |
Eucalyptus | 24% |
White Savory | 24% |
Ravensara | 24% |
Spearmint | 24% |
Rosalina | 22% |
Carrot Seed | 22% |
Rose | 22% |
Tarragon | 22% |
Niaouli | 21% |
Thuja | 21% |
Bay Laurel | 20% |
Ormenis | 20% |
Sage | 20% |
Cajeput | 19% |
Petitgrain | 19% |
Eucalyptus Radiata | 18% |
Coriander | 17% |
Garden Thyme | 17% |
Oregano | 17% |
Vitex | 17% |
Lavandin | 16% |
Lavender | 16% |
Marijuana | 16% |
Spanish Marjoram | 16% |
Ginger | 13% |
Helichrysum | 11% |
Peppermint | 10% |
Lemongrass | 8% |
Citronella | 7% |
Wild Tansy | 7% |
Cardamom | 5% |
Cedar Leaf | 5% |
Myrrh | 5% |
Blue Mallee | 4% |
Geranium | 3% |
Basil | 3% |
Catnip | 3% |
Cedar Bark | 3% |
Clary Sage | 3% |
German Chamomile | 3% |
Lemon Eucalyptus | 3% |
Melissa | 2% |
Moroccan Thyme | 1% |
Palmarosa | 1% |
Patchouli | 1% |